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By using mercenaries and ostensibly private security services, China and Russia project power and protect their interests abroad without openly deploying their armed forces, argue Julia Friedrich and Niklas Masuhr in this CSS Analysis. However, in doing so, the two countries follow two very different paths.

The initial hopes associated with the spread of the Internet have gradually diminished. Both in democratic and in authoritarian systems, Internet freedom is contested. The need for reform creates possibilities for new actors to shape the future version of the Internet, argues CSS Julian Kamasa in this CSS Analysis. A key challenge will be to prevent a splintered Internet.