Publication

This paper synthesizes research on criminalized states in Latin America. It documents how, through the growing alliance with Iran and other external actors, these governments have developed a clearly articulated view hostile to the United States, one which also adopts a military doctrine of asymmetric warfare that embraces the use of weapons of mass destruction. The paper offers a template for examining similar developments in other parts of the world, as well as recommendations on how to begin to confront the emerging threat.