Resources

NATO has designated cyberspace as a domain of warfare and recognized that an adversarial cyber campaign could trigger the Alliance’s collective defense mechanism under Article 5. Given the complexities of cyberattacks and the difficulties of designing an effective response, it is unknown whether and what kind of cyberattack(s) might trigger a collective defense response from the Alliance, argues Sarah Wiedemar in this CSS Analysis.

In recent years, China has emerged as a major player in space exploration. With milestones such as the successful landing of a Chinese rover on the far side of the moon and the completion of its own space station, China’s space program has captured global attention. However, Beijing’s space ambitions have also raised concerns about the use of its space capabilities for military purposes and its lack of transparency in space operations, argues Sophie-Charlotte Fischer in this CSS Analysis.

Strategic Trends offers an annual analysis of major developments in world affairs, with a primary focus on international security. Providing interpretations of key trends rather than a comprehensive survey of events, this publication will appeal to analysts, policymakers, academics, the media, and the interested public alike. This year, Strategic Trends features chapters on China-Russia relations and world order, US tech alliances, extended nuclear deterrence, and India’s foreign policy.

The supply chain for rare earths needed for green technologies is dominated by China. To mitigate supply risks, European countries must invest in domestic mining, processing, and recycling capacities as well as international cooperation, argues Julian Kamasa in this CSS Policy Perspective.