Publication

This report analyzes and compares the security strategies of four major international actors: the United States, China, Russia and the European Union. The authors maintain that a rules-based liberal international order is increasingly under strain due to tightening geopolitical competition and the decline of the Western hegemony. In this context, the piece explores the conceptions of the four powers with regard to the world order, the self-defined position of each actor in it, and their possible aspirations to change the existing order. Furthermore, the report analyzes how each strategy defines security threats and risks, as well as ways to address these threats.