Publication

This paper provides an overview of economic sanctions, which are imposed by governments and international bodies on state and non-state actors that threaten their interests or violate international norms of behavior. Among other issues, it looks at 1) what economic sanctions are; 2) when sanctions are used; 3) the sanctions processes of the United Nations, the European Union, and the United States; 4) how the 9/11 terrorist attacks changed US sanctions policy; and 5) whether sanctions are effective.