Publication

This paper looks at how Poland, Romania and Turkey can increase their multilateral cooperation and include the Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries – Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine – to counter Russian aggression in the Black Sea region. The author first examines how Poland, Romania and Turkey have intensified their bilateral cooperation and how each of them constitutes a top partner for one of the EaP countries. He then argues that a close multilateral cooperation between the two triangles of Poland-Romania-Turkey on one side and Georgia-Moldova-Ukraine on the other would constitute the most efficient instrument to bind the EaP countries to the West.