Publication

This paper analyzes the roles played by the European Union's High Representative (HR) for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and what influence she currently has on directing Brussels' counterterrorism policies. To accomplish these ends, the author examines the part past HR's played in honing EU policies during three security crises: 1) the 9/11 attacks and the subsequent bombings in Madrid (2004) and London (2005); 2) the Arab Spring uprisings and the following destabilization of the Middle East and North Africa; and 3) the emergence and spread of the self-proclaimed Islamic State.