Publication

This paper traces the intellectual history of Western Europe, beginning with 17th century thinkers who realized the importance of observing and measuring the living conditions of people. The author discusses household budget estimates and inquiries into family conditions, and statistical estimates as the legacy of 17th and 18th century. He then explores social inquiries, the analysis of household budgets, and the development of modern household budget studies. The paper discusses income distribution and growth estimates, highlighting comprehensive social surveys to assess progress in terms of the measurement of poverty and for social progress.