Publication

This paper presents case studies of three joint efforts by the local government of São Paulo and civil society groups. The first case is the participatory budget, a citywide process that involves civil society groups, residents, civil servants and party activists. The second is a cooperative of homeless and near-homeless men creating employment for themselves as collectors and waste recyclers. The third case is Apuanã, a model for self-governed mutual assistance housing cooperatives. The authors explain how different political administrations between 1989 and 2002 affected these policies.