Publication

The EU’s military training and capacity building efforts in Africa have yielded “very modest” results so far. So, what’s gone wrong and why? This report basically argues that Africa’s armies remain too diverse to respond to Brussels' single, normative developmental model. To prove their point, the text's authors analyze 1) the historical roots and traditions of the continent's armed forces; 2) the way they were shaped after independence; and 3) the different operational roles they've assumed over time.