Series

The NATO Defense College (NDC) is the NATO Alliance's flagship academic institution. Its courses concentrate on the high-level political-military issues that confront both civilian and military leadership at the Alliance and national level. NDC Research Papers examine, analyze, and discuss contemporary security issues relevant to NATO. Issued on a regular basis, they are intended as food for thought for debates within NATO and in preparation for the future.

Publishers:	NATO Defense College (NDC)
Publications:	COVID-19: NATO in the Age of Pandemics Russia´s Hybrid Warfare in the Form of its Energy Manoeuvers against Europe: How the EU and NATO Can Respond Together Central Asia and NATO Against a Backdrop of Changing Geopolitical Realities The Western Balkans and the Revenge of History Trust (in) NATO: The Future of Intelligence Sharing within the Alliance The Evolution of the Hybrid Threat, and Resilience as a Countermeasure Winning Peace and Exporting Stability: Colombia as NATO´s Next Global Partner? Insecurity in North Africa and the Mediterranean When Hybrid Warfare Supports Ideology: Russia Today The Framework Nations’ Concept and NATO: Game-Changer for a New Strategic Era or Missed Opportunity? Substantial Combat Forces in the Context of NATO-Russia Relations Article 5 of the Washington Treaty: Its Origins, Meaning and Future George F Kennan, Containment, and the West's Current Russia Problem Political Consensus and Defence Preparations: Why NATO Needs a "Military Strategy" Hybrid Warfare: Iranian and Russian Versions of The Transnistrian Conflict in the Context of the Ukrainian Crisis Russia's Renewed Military Thinking: Non-Linear Warfare and Reflexive Control Back to the Future? Russia's Hybrid Warfare, Revolutions in Military Affairs, and Cold War Comparisons Threat Perception in Central Asia in Response to Russia-Ukraine: Kazakhstan Will Not be Next Efficacy, not Efficiency: Adjusting NATO's Military Integration Russia's 2014 Military Doctrine and Beyond: Threat Perceptions, Capabilities and Ambitions NATO-Mongolia Relations: Limited in Scope, But with Room to Grow NATO Interoperability: Sustaining Trust and Capacity within the Alliance Africa: A Region for Enhanced NATO-EU Cooperation Energy as a Tool of Hybrid Warfare NATO's Hybrid Flanks: Handling Unconventional Warfare in the South and the East Russia's Approach to Conflict: Implications for NATO's Deterrence and Defence L'OTAN et les enjeux sécuritaires dans la région saharo-sahélienne à l'ère de la nouvelle donne géopolitique NATO’s Very High Readiness Joint Task Force Nuclear Arms Control: Implications from the Crisis in Ukraine Player at the Sidelines: NATO and the Fight Against ISIL Russia's Hybrid Warfare: Waging War below the Radar of Traditional Collective Defense Operational Green: Enhancing NATO's Energy Supply Security The Home Game: Countering Violent Extremism within NATO Semantics Matter: NATO, Cyberspace and Future Threats 'Resetting' AU-NATO Relations NORDEFCO and NATO: ´Smart Defence´ in the North? From the Gulf of Aden to the Gulf of Guinea: A New Maritime Mission for NATO? Send the Reserve! New Ways to Support NATO through Reserve Forces Not Only 'Containerspotting' - NATO's Redeployment from Landlocked Afghanistan NATO's 2014 Summit Agenda Germany Is More Than Europe Can Handle: Or, Why NATO Remains a Pacifier Safe Seas at What Price? The Costs, Benefits and Future of NATO's Operation Ocean Shield Putting the N Back Into NATO NATO and the Arab League: The Importance of Being Earnest NATO's Partnerships after 2014: Go West! NATO and Japan as Multifaceted Partners NATO's Maritime Strategy and the Libya Crisis as Seen from the Sea The Broader Context of NATO's Nuclear Policy and Posture The NRF: From a Key Driver of Transformation to a Laboratory of the Connected Forces Initiative Can NATO Find A Role for Itself Vis-À-Vis China? The New Logic of the Syrian Conflict and its Meaning for NATO Emerging Security Challenges: A Glue for NATO and Partners? Romney vs Obama: What the Atlantic Alliance Can Expect from the Next US President NATO in the Gulf: Partnership Without a Cause? Partner Number One or NATO Ally Twenty-Nine? NATO Enlargement Reloaded After Combat, the Perils of Partnership: NATO and Afghanistan Beyond 2014 How to Get Out of Afghanistan: NATO's Withdrawal Through Central Asia The Challenge of Social Media in Security Policy Institutions Policy Making in 140 Characters or Less: NATO and Social Media Five Years After Estonia's Cyber Attacks Beyond Afghanistan: NATO's Global Partnerships in the Asia Pacific Who Gives the Orders in the New Russian Military? NATO - India: Prospects of a Partnership Rearranging Family Life and a Large Circle of Friends Rearranging Family Life and a Large Circle of Friends The Day After Iran Goes Nuclear NATO's Chicago Summit: A Thorny Agenda Russia's Strategies in Afghanistan and Their Consequences for NATO NATO's Nuclear Posture Review Building a New Military? NATO's Fight Against Terrorism The Arab Explosion What to Expect of the Egyptian Army? What to Think of the Political Crisis in North Africa and the Middle East? From Lisbon to Munich The Attack on Domodedovo How to Revitalize the Dialogue Between NATO and the Maghreb Countries Built on Shaky Ground Cyber War and Cyber Power NATO's Nuclear Weapons in Europe Missile Defense: Challenges and Opportunities for NATO The Moscow Metro Bombings and Terrorism in Russia The Debate About Article 5 and its Credibility NATO: Peacekeeping in the Holy Land? Piracy - Threat or Nuisance? What Future for NATO's Istanbul Cooperation Initiative? Taking Stock of NATO's Response Force An Assessment of Crime Related Risks in the Sahel NATO and the Economic and Financial Crisis NATO and the New US Arguing Afghanistan: What the Detractors of NATO's Mission Get Wrong Securing the Commons: Toward NATO's New Maritime Strategy Counter-Piracy Operations What Future for Georgia? The Way to NATO's New Strategic Concept Towards Cooperation or Confrontation? Security in the High North Obstacles to FYROM's Membership of NATO: A Tougher Agenda than Expected Barack Obama's Foreign Policy: What Can NATO Expect from the Next US President? The Keys to Understanding the Israel-Russia Relationship Reinventing NATO's Public Diplomacy What NATO can Learn From 'The Surge' in Iraq NATO and the Challenge of Non-Lethal Weapons Hasten Slowly: NATO's Effects Based and Comprehensive Approach to Operations After the Summit: Long-Term Consequences for NATO Energy Security: NATO’s Limited, Complementary Role The NATO Mediterranean Dialogue at a Crossroads An Interview with General James L Jones, USMC, Retired, Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR), 2003-2006 The NATO Summit in Bucharest: The Alliance at a Crossroads Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and International Politics in the South Caucasus NATO-EU Cooperation in Operations A qui profite le gel du conflit du Sahara Occidental? Energy Security – What Role for NATO? NATO and the European Union and their Offers of Cooperation in the Mediterranean Nouvelles responsabilités de l’Union africaine, nouvelles dispositions de l’Alliance atlantique Lessons Learned from the Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan: Implications for Russian Defense Reform NATO-EU Cooperation in Post-Conflict Reconstruction The Role of the Wider Black Sea Area (WBSA) in a Future European Security Space From a Weak State to a Reunified Moldova: New Opportunities to Resolve the Transdniestria Conflict Security Sector Reform in Afghanistan NATO's Mediterranean Dialogue and the Istanbul Cooperation Initiative NATO and the Middle East Peace Process Kosovo - Strategic Options for the Future? Capacités et complémentarités entre l'OTAN et les forces de la PESD pour la gestion de crise A Road Map for Ukraine Thinking about Geography: Some Competing Geopolitical Models for the 21st Century Turkey's Role in NATO in the Post-Cold War Security Environment Quelle approche pour l'OTAN dans les Balkans à la lumière des évolutions de la sécurité dans la région? NATO in Afghanistan and the Balkans Looking South: A Three-Tiered Approach to NATO Involvement in the Maghreb and Sub-Sahara Africa Beyond Tradition: A New Strategic Concept for NATO? La prolifération en questions Operation Iraqi Freedom: Lessons Learned, Ways Ahead, and Open Questions Prévention et gestion des crises: la perspective européenne Réforme en Moyen-Orient: Le concept du NATO's Mediterranean Dialogue NATO and Interventionism German Foreign Policy in Crisis? La Géorgie à la croisée des intérêts russes et américains L'intelligence de la Méditerranée Influencing Russian Public Opinion in order to Improve Russian Military Reform

Publishers:

NATO Defense College (NDC)

Publications:

COVID-19: NATO in the Age of Pandemics
Russia´s Hybrid Warfare in the Form of its Energy Manoeuvers against Europe: How the EU and NATO Can Respond Together
Central Asia and NATO Against a Backdrop of Changing Geopolitical Realities
The Western Balkans and the Revenge of History
Trust (in) NATO: The Future of Intelligence Sharing within the Alliance
The Evolution of the Hybrid Threat, and Resilience as a Countermeasure
Winning Peace and Exporting Stability: Colombia as NATO´s Next Global Partner?
Insecurity in North Africa and the Mediterranean
When Hybrid Warfare Supports Ideology: Russia Today
The Framework Nations’ Concept and NATO: Game-Changer for a New Strategic Era or Missed Opportunity?
Substantial Combat Forces in the Context of NATO-Russia Relations
Article 5 of the Washington Treaty: Its Origins, Meaning and Future
George F Kennan, Containment, and the West's Current Russia Problem
Political Consensus and Defence Preparations: Why NATO Needs a "Military Strategy"
Hybrid Warfare: Iranian and Russian Versions of
The Transnistrian Conflict in the Context of the Ukrainian Crisis
Russia's Renewed Military Thinking: Non-Linear Warfare and Reflexive Control
Back to the Future? Russia's Hybrid Warfare, Revolutions in Military Affairs, and Cold War Comparisons
Threat Perception in Central Asia in Response to Russia-Ukraine: Kazakhstan Will Not be Next
Efficacy, not Efficiency: Adjusting NATO's Military Integration
Russia's 2014 Military Doctrine and Beyond: Threat Perceptions, Capabilities and Ambitions
NATO-Mongolia Relations: Limited in Scope, But with Room to Grow
NATO Interoperability: Sustaining Trust and Capacity within the Alliance
Africa: A Region for Enhanced NATO-EU Cooperation
Energy as a Tool of Hybrid Warfare
NATO's Hybrid Flanks: Handling Unconventional Warfare in the South and the East
Russia's Approach to Conflict: Implications for NATO's Deterrence and Defence
L'OTAN et les enjeux sécuritaires dans la région saharo-sahélienne à l'ère de la nouvelle donne géopolitique
NATO’s Very High Readiness Joint Task Force
Nuclear Arms Control: Implications from the Crisis in Ukraine
Player at the Sidelines: NATO and the Fight Against ISIL
Russia's Hybrid Warfare: Waging War below the Radar of Traditional Collective Defense
Operational Green: Enhancing NATO's Energy Supply Security
The Home Game: Countering Violent Extremism within NATO
Semantics Matter: NATO, Cyberspace and Future Threats
'Resetting' AU-NATO Relations
NORDEFCO and NATO: ´Smart Defence´ in the North?
From the Gulf of Aden to the Gulf of Guinea: A New Maritime Mission for NATO?
Send the Reserve! New Ways to Support NATO through Reserve Forces
Not Only 'Containerspotting' - NATO's Redeployment from Landlocked Afghanistan
NATO's 2014 Summit Agenda
Germany Is More Than Europe Can Handle: Or, Why NATO Remains a Pacifier
Safe Seas at What Price? The Costs, Benefits and Future of NATO's Operation Ocean Shield
Putting the N Back Into NATO
NATO and the Arab League: The Importance of Being Earnest
NATO's Partnerships after 2014: Go West!
NATO and Japan as Multifaceted Partners
NATO's Maritime Strategy and the Libya Crisis as Seen from the Sea
The Broader Context of NATO's Nuclear Policy and Posture
The NRF: From a Key Driver of Transformation to a Laboratory of the Connected Forces Initiative
Can NATO Find A Role for Itself Vis-À-Vis China?
The New Logic of the Syrian Conflict and its Meaning for NATO
Emerging Security Challenges: A Glue for NATO and Partners?
Romney vs Obama: What the Atlantic Alliance Can Expect from the Next US President
NATO in the Gulf: Partnership Without a Cause?
Partner Number One or NATO Ally Twenty-Nine?
NATO Enlargement Reloaded
After Combat, the Perils of Partnership: NATO and Afghanistan Beyond 2014
How to Get Out of Afghanistan: NATO's Withdrawal Through Central Asia
The Challenge of Social Media in Security Policy Institutions
Policy Making in 140 Characters or Less: NATO and Social Media
Five Years After Estonia's Cyber Attacks
Beyond Afghanistan: NATO's Global Partnerships in the Asia Pacific
Who Gives the Orders in the New Russian Military?
NATO - India: Prospects of a Partnership
Rearranging Family Life and a Large Circle of Friends
Rearranging Family Life and a Large Circle of Friends
The Day After Iran Goes Nuclear
NATO's Chicago Summit: A Thorny Agenda
Russia's Strategies in Afghanistan and Their Consequences for NATO
NATO's Nuclear Posture Review
Building a New Military?
NATO's Fight Against Terrorism
The Arab Explosion
What to Expect of the Egyptian Army?
What to Think of the Political Crisis in North Africa and the Middle East?
From Lisbon to Munich
The Attack on Domodedovo
How to Revitalize the Dialogue Between NATO and the Maghreb Countries
Built on Shaky Ground
Cyber War and Cyber Power
NATO's Nuclear Weapons in Europe
Missile Defense: Challenges and Opportunities for NATO
The Moscow Metro Bombings and Terrorism in Russia
The Debate About Article 5 and its Credibility
NATO: Peacekeeping in the Holy Land?
Piracy - Threat or Nuisance?
What Future for NATO's Istanbul Cooperation Initiative?
Taking Stock of NATO's Response Force
An Assessment of Crime Related Risks in the Sahel
NATO and the Economic and Financial Crisis
NATO and the New US
Arguing Afghanistan: What the Detractors of NATO's Mission Get Wrong
Securing the Commons: Toward NATO's New Maritime Strategy
Counter-Piracy Operations
What Future for Georgia?
The Way to NATO's New Strategic Concept
Towards Cooperation or Confrontation? Security in the High North
Obstacles to FYROM's Membership of NATO: A Tougher Agenda than Expected
Barack Obama's Foreign Policy: What Can NATO Expect from the Next US President?
The Keys to Understanding the Israel-Russia Relationship
Reinventing NATO's Public Diplomacy
What NATO can Learn From 'The Surge' in Iraq
NATO and the Challenge of Non-Lethal Weapons
Hasten Slowly: NATO's Effects Based and Comprehensive Approach to Operations
After the Summit: Long-Term Consequences for NATO
Energy Security: NATO’s Limited, Complementary Role
The NATO Mediterranean Dialogue at a Crossroads
An Interview with General James L Jones, USMC, Retired, Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR), 2003-2006
The NATO Summit in Bucharest: The Alliance at a Crossroads
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and International Politics in the South Caucasus
NATO-EU Cooperation in Operations
A qui profite le gel du conflit du Sahara Occidental?
Energy Security – What Role for NATO?
NATO and the European Union and their Offers of Cooperation in the Mediterranean
Nouvelles responsabilités de l’Union africaine, nouvelles dispositions de l’Alliance atlantique
Lessons Learned from the Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan: Implications for Russian Defense Reform
NATO-EU Cooperation in Post-Conflict Reconstruction
The Role of the Wider Black Sea Area (WBSA) in a Future European Security Space
From a Weak State to a Reunified Moldova: New Opportunities to Resolve the Transdniestria Conflict
Security Sector Reform in Afghanistan
NATO's Mediterranean Dialogue and the Istanbul Cooperation Initiative
NATO and the Middle East Peace Process
Kosovo - Strategic Options for the Future?
Capacités et complémentarités entre l'OTAN et les forces de la PESD pour la gestion de crise
A Road Map for Ukraine
Thinking about Geography: Some Competing Geopolitical Models for the 21st Century
Turkey's Role in NATO in the Post-Cold War Security Environment
Quelle approche pour l'OTAN dans les Balkans à la lumière des évolutions de la sécurité dans la région?
NATO in Afghanistan and the Balkans
Looking South: A Three-Tiered Approach to NATO Involvement in the Maghreb and Sub-Sahara Africa
Beyond Tradition: A New Strategic Concept for NATO?
La prolifération en questions
Operation Iraqi Freedom: Lessons Learned, Ways Ahead, and Open Questions
Prévention et gestion des crises: la perspective européenne
Réforme en Moyen-Orient: Le concept du
NATO's Mediterranean Dialogue
NATO and Interventionism
German Foreign Policy in Crisis?
La Géorgie à la croisée des intérêts russes et américains
L'intelligence de la Méditerranée
Influencing Russian Public Opinion in order to Improve Russian Military Reform